Altair Nanotechnologies, Inc. engages in the development and commercialization of nanomaterial and titanium dioxide pigment technologies primarily in the United States and Canada. It also provides contract research services on select projects to develop intellectual property and/or new products and technology. The company operates through four divisions: Advanced Materials and Power Systems (AMPS), Life Sciences, Altair Hydrochloride Pigment Process (AHP), and Performance Materials. The AMPS division designs, develops, and produces NanoSafe brand nanoTitanate battery cells, batteries, and battery packs; and provides related design and test services. It also offers electrode materials for use in a new class of lithium ion batteries called lithium nanoTitanate batteries. The Life Sciences division co-develops RenaZorb, a test-stage active pharmaceutical ingredient for the treatment of elevated serum phosphate levels in patients undergoing kidney dialysis; and Renalan, a test-stage active pharmaceutical ingredient for the treatment of elevated serum phosphate levels in animals suffering from chronic renal disease. The AHP division markets and licenses the company's titanium dioxide pigment production technology. The Performance Materials division engages in the testing, development, marketing, and/or licensing of nano-structured ceramic powders for use in various application, such as advanced performance coatings, air and water purification systems, power systems, alternative energy devices, and nano-sensor applications. The company was incorporated in 1973 as Diversified Mines Limited and changed its name to Tex-U.S. Oil & Gas, Inc. in 1981. The name was further changed to Orex Resources, Ltd. in 1986; to Carlin Gold Company, Inc. in 1988; to Altair International Gold, Inc. in 1994; to Altair International, Inc. in 1996; and to Altair Nanotechnologies, Inc. in 2002. Altair Nanotechnologies is headquartered in Reno, Nevada.